The Impact of Hybrid Work Systems on Employee Productivity and Satisfaction in Technology Start-Up Companies: The Role of Employee Autonomy

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the impact of hybrid work systems on employee productivity and job satisfaction in technology start-up companies, with a focus on employee autonomy as a moderating variable. The hybrid work model which combines remote and in-office work has become increasingly common in the post-pandemic era, particularly within the technology sector. However, its effectiveness in enhancing productivity and job satisfaction remains a topic of debate, especially in the dynamic environment of start-up companies. This research adopts a quantitative approach using surveys administered to employees from various technology start-ups in Indonesia. The study utilizes a quantitative method through survey data collected from employees working in several Indonesian tech start-ups. The data were analyzed using moderation regression to examine both the direct effect of the hybrid work system and the interaction effect with employee autonomy. The findings indicate that while hybrid work positively influences both productivity and job satisfaction, this effect is significantly stronger among employees with high levels of autonomy. The results reveal that hybrid work systems have a positive impact on employee productivity and job satisfaction in technology-based start-up companies in Indonesia. Notably, the influence is more substantial among employees who demonstrate a higher degree of autonomy in their work. This study is subject to certain limitations. Primarily, the data were collected exclusively from technology-based start-up companies in Indonesia, which may limit the generalizability of the findings to other sectors or geographical contexts. This research offers both theoretical and practical contributions to the growing body of literature on hybrid work systems, particularly in the context of tech start-ups. Theoretically, it broadens the understanding of how employee autonomy serves as a moderating variable in the relationship between hybrid work systems and key employee outcomes such as productivity and job satisfaction. The novelty of this study lies in its focus on employee autonomy as a moderating factor, providing fresh insights into how individual traits influence the success of hybrid work arrangements within the fast-paced environment of technology start-ups.